Safeguarding Healthcare Payers from Ransomware

Are you prepared for the aftermath of a ransomware attack?

As a healthcare payer, your data is under constant threat. Ransomware attacks have doubled in frequency, targeting your most sensitive operations. Are you prepared for the chaos an attack could unleash?

With ransomware attacks rising, healthcare payers, including insurance companies and government programs, are often the unfortunate victims of this cyber onslaught. 

According to eCrime.ch, a leading threat intelligence provider, hospitals and healthcare organizations rank among the top targets for ransomware attacks, with incidents soaring by a staggering 96 percent from 2022 to 2023. 

The true extent of these attacks might be even higher, as many cases often go unreported, exacerbating healthcare payers' challenges in safeguarding their organizations.

This article serves as a comprehensive guide for medical claims payers by:

  • Offering insights into understanding ransomware threats.
  • Highlighting emerging trends.
  • Outlining effective response measures.
  • Emphasizing the importance of post-attack claim reviews to ensure accurate payouts.

Key Takeaways

  • Ransomware threat to healthcare payers: Cyberattacks pose a significant threat to healthcare payers, with the healthcare industry being one of the top targets.
  • Importance of proactive defense: Building a proactive defense strategy is crucial for payers to mitigate the risks posed by ransomware attacks.
  • Impact of ransomware attacks: Overpayments to healthcare providers due to disruptions in claims processing and coding inaccuracies should necessitate thorough post-payment claim reviews.
  • Preparation for the future: Healthcare payers must be proactive, invest in advanced technology solutions, and be vigilant to ensure data security and operational continuity.

What is Ransomware?

Ransomware is defined by IBM as "a type of malware that holds a victim's sensitive data or device hostage, threatening to keep it locked—or worse—unless the victim pays a ransom to the attacker." 

Techopedia provides a more detailed explanation of ransomware, and the SANS Institute offers valuable resources to help you better understand it.

The Rising Threat of Ransomware

Ransomware attacks have escalated from a niche concern to a global threat, causing disruption, financial loss, and untold stress to ransomware victims worldwide. 

Its origins trace back to the late 1980s with the AIDS Trojan. Since then, it has evolved into a devastating force. What began with simple encryption and modest ransom demands has transformed into complex variants designed by ransomware developers for maximum malicious impact. 

Ransomware gangs now use stronger encryption algorithms and sophisticated tactics to extort large sums in major industries, such as health care.

Perhaps the most infamous example of ransomware's destructive potential was the WannaCry attack in 2017. This attack devastated organizations globally, including hospitals and medical practices—blocking patients’ access to care and causing unnecessary deaths. It served as an alarming wake-up call to the power of ransomware variants. 

In the United States, 2023 marked a historic surge, with attacks increasing at a staggering rate of over 70 percent across industries. Ransomware continues to be a pervasive threat in 2024 because of its profitability, which fuels ransomware operators to innovate and refine their malevolent strategies.

Why is Healthcare a Target for Ransomware?

The healthcare industry deals with large amounts of sensitive patient data, making it an attractive target for cybercriminals.

Medical records can command multiple times the amount of money a stolen credit card does. And unlike a credit card, which a cardholder can quickly cancel, a person's medical information cannot be changed. Additionally, outdated technology and legacy systems increase susceptibility to these attacks.

Put bluntly, patients have very little recourse if their health information is stolen, while cybercriminals cash in on their stolen data.

Furthermore, the uncomfortable truth is that when healthcare groups pay ransoms to limit exposure, they only reward and encourage hackers.

Healthcare payers, such as insurance companies, and government programs like Medicare and Medicaid are highly sought-after targets for ransomware attackers.

Their complex networks and interconnected systems create entry points for cyber attackers. Interactions with numerous stakeholders increase the potential attack surface, posing considerable challenges to defending against ransomware attacks.

Also, many health insurers make it easy for bad actors to commit fraud by inadequately detecting false claims

During the post-attack phase, financial repercussions persist because attacks can disrupt payment distribution by delaying claims processing or pressuring payers to accelerate payouts to providers, resulting in overpayments.

How Ransomware is Crippling the Healthcare Industry

A catastrophic attack in February 2024 resulted in the complete shutdown of Change Healthcare, a unit of UnitedHealth Group (UHG), the most extensive healthcare payment system in the U.S. This led to widespread financial turmoil, hugely impacting the healthcare industry, including major hospitals, individual medical practices, and health insurance plans.

The attack on Change is just one example of the growing ransomware threat in the healthcare industry. According to Emsisoft, a respected cybersecurity solutions firm, 46 hospital systems were affected by ransomware attacks in 2023, up from 25 in 2022. 

Another shocking example is the May 2024 large-scale ransomware attack on Ascension, one of the nation's largest health systems. This attack affected thousands of medical personnel, who lost access to digital records. For weeks, they were forced to rely on manual methods to provide patient care and maintain hospital operations. 

It’s important to note that previous cyberattacks focused on individual hospitals or smaller medical networks. However, the recent breach at Change, which oversees a third of all U.S. patient records, underscored the risks of consolidation when one entity becomes crucial to the nation's health system.

Moreover, after much speculation about a possible ransom payment to the hackers, the company finally revealed to the public that it had paid the criminals behind the attack. For the latest update on Change Healthcare's cyber response, visit UHG's dedicated web page.

Cybercriminals Exploit the Limited Investment in Security Measures and Next-Gen Technology

Limited investment in cybersecurity due to budget constraints and competing priorities often results in inadequate resources and ineffective security measures. Cybercriminals exploit these vulnerabilities.

Healthcare payers are highly vulnerable to ransomware attacks due to sensitive information, outdated systems, complex networks, and inadequate investment and training in cybersecurity.

To mitigate these risks, payers must prioritize continuous cybersecurity measures, implement best practices, and invest in defense mechanisms to protect patient data and ensure system integrity.

Additionally, meticulous, technology-enabled claim reviews protect payers’ financial security against these threats to avert overpayments, especially when claim approvals accelerate to keep funds flowing post-attack.

Amidst the Chaos, Payers Often Overpay

The cyberattack on Change Healthcare caused financial chaos for healthcare providers, preventing them from getting insurance approvals or payments and compelling lawmakers, hospital executives, and patient groups to press the U.S. government for relief.

As part of its measures to ease financial pressures, the Health and Human Services Department (HHS) allowed providers to request accelerated payments and encouraged health insurers to waive prior authorization rules, increasing the risk of overpayments.

What Can Healthcare Payers Do to Prevent Overpayments?

Disruption from an attack often leads to breakdowns in claims processing, causing payers to resort to manual processes and temporary workarounds.

The urgency to resume operations and support providers may lead to less thorough payment reviews, allowing overpayments to slip through undetected.

Furthermore, inaccuracies in medical codes can result in incorrect or inflated claims being submitted. So, how can payers avoid these breakdowns?

Next-Generation Post-Payment Procedures Are the Key to Efficiency

Prioritizing speed over thoroughness increases the likelihood of unnoticed overpayments.

Therefore, healthcare payers implementing robust post-payment review procedures are more likely to detect overpayments after ransomware attacks. 

Procedures must include thorough checks for accuracy and compliance in claims processing, even during high-pressure situations. Investing in advanced technology like Alaffia Health's next-gen AI assistant helps implement these processes, minimize overpayments, and increase accuracy in claims processing in a fraction of the time.

How Healthcare Payers Can Prepare for Future Ransomware Attacks

The landscape of ransomware attacks is evolving with alarming sophistication. Advanced code languages like Rust create secure and difficult-to-reverse-engineer malware

Intermittent encryption techniques make malicious activity less detectable and more efficient. The shift towards data theft and exfiltration suggests that ransomware attacks could result in higher payouts for attackers. 

Furthermore, the prevalence of state-sponsored attack techniques and specialized attacks on virtual machine environments intensify ransomware's threat.

Keep Pace with Evolving Ransomware Techniques

Cybercriminals constantly improve their tactics through big-game hunting and triple extortion techniques. Double extortion attacks, combining encryption with data theft, pressure victims to pay. RaaS platforms and Access Brokers make launching ransomware campaigns easier.

Understand the Role of Cyber Insurance

Cyber insurance has expanded to offer coverage for digital threats like ransomware. These policies can cover costs from data breaches, network security liability, and ransom payments, providing financial protection for businesses. 

However, the evolving nature of ransomware attacks requires policy reassessments, higher premiums, and stricter coverage limits. Cyber insurance should be part of a business's security strategy but not the sole means of protection against ransomware.

Be Proactive in Defending Against Cyber Threats

Businesses need a proactive approach that includes awareness, prevention, protection, detection, and response strategies. In today's security landscape, being aware of cyber threats, implementing ransomware protection measures, getting cyber insurance, and having a technology partner are musts for data security and operational continuity.

Protect Your Finances with Alaffia Health's Next-Gen AI: Ensure Accurate Payments and Fortify Your Defense Against Cyber Threats 

With ransomware evolving faster than ever, the next attack could be devastating. Alaffia Health’s advanced AI doesn’t just recover costs—it prevents catastrophic losses.

By mitigating the impact of attacks using our post-payment claims reviews, your healthcare payer organization’s finances can survive the aftermath of cyberattacks. 

Schedule a call with us today to learn more about Alaffia Health's Next-Gen AI solutions, how we can help your company make accurate payments following recent ransomware cyberattacks, and how to avoid being vulnerable to fraud, waste, abuse—and ransomware-driven exploitation.

Summary

This article addressed the growing threat of ransomware attacks on healthcare payers, such as insurance companies and government programs. It highlights the significant increase in ransomware incidents targeting the healthcare industry, driven by the high value of medical records and outdated technology systems.

It guides healthcare payers, emphasizing the importance of proactive defense strategies to mitigate risks, meticulous post-attack claim reviews to prevent overpayments, and the adoption of advanced, next-generation AI technology solutions.

The escalating threat of ransomware presents a formidable challenge for healthcare payers, whose critical role in managing sensitive data and issuing claims payouts makes them prime targets for cybercriminals.

You can learn more about cybersecurity best practices from the Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), America’s Cyber Defense Agency.